Chapter 6 Physics Class 11 Notes
Complete handwritten notes on Chapter 6 Physics Class 11 Notes written by Professor Shahroze Saleem Suib. These notes are very helpful in the preparation of fluid dynamics notes class 11 for the students of the Physics and these are according to the paper patterns of all Punjab boards.
Summary and Contents:
Topics which are discussed in the notes are given below:
- Viscous drag and Stokes' law
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- Terminal velocity
- Fluid flow
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- equation of continuity
- Bernoulli's equation
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application of Bernoulli's equation: A simple application of Bernoulli's equation is shown in Fig. 6.4. Suppose a large tank of fluid has two small orifices A and B on it, as shown in the figure. Let us find the speed with which the water flows from the orifice A.
Since the orifices are so small, the efflux speeds v₂ and v will be much larger than the speed v, of the top surface of water. We can therefore, take v as approximately zero. Hence, Bemoulli's equation can be written as: 2 PP atmospheric pressure But Therefore, the above equation becomes. This is Torricelli's theorem which states that; The speed of efflux is equal to the velocity gained by the fluid in falling through the distance (h-h₃) under the action of gravity. Notice that the speed of the efflux of liquid is the same as the speed of a ball that falls through a height (h-h₂). A simple application of Bernoulli's equation is shown in Fig. 6.4. Suppose a large tank of fluid has two small orifices A and B on it, as shown in the figure. Let us find the speed with which the water flows from the orifice A.
- Since the orifices are so small, the efflux speeds v₂ and v will be much larger than the speed v, of the top surface of water. We can therefore, take v as approximately zero. Hence, Bemoulli's equation can be written as: 2 PP atmospheric pressure But Therefore, the above equation becomes.
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- This is Torricelli's theorem which states that;
- The speed of efflux is equal to the velocity gained by the fluid in falling through the distance (h-h₃) under the action of gravity.
- Notice that the speed of the efflux of liquid is the same as the speed of a ball that falls through a height (h-h₂).
- Torricelli's Theorem: Where the speed is high, the pressure will be low. The lift on an aeroplane is due to this effect. The flow of air around an aeroplane wing is illustrated in Fig. 6.6. The wing is designed to deflect the air so that streamlines are closer together above the wing than below it. We have seen in Fig.6.6 that where the streamlines are forced closer together, the speed is faster. Thus, air is travelling faster on the upper side of the wing than on the lower. The pressure will be lower at the top of the wing, and the wing will be forced upward. Similarly, when a tennis ball is hit by a racket in such a way that it spins as well as moves forward, the velocity of the air on one side of the ball increases (Fig. 6.7) due to spin and air speed in the same direction as at B and hence, the pressure decreases. This gives an extra curvature to the ball known as swing which deceives an opponent player.
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- Relation between speed and pressure of the fluid
- Venturi relation and blood flow
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Total Page = 39 pages
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