To Find the Volume of a Cylinder using Vernier Caliper

• Apparatus: (i) Vernier Capliper (ii) Solid cylinder
• Diagram: (i) Upper Jaw (ii) Lower Jaw (iii) Cylinder (iv) Looking screw (v) Vernier Scale (vi) Main Scale (vii) Sliding strip used to find the depth of hollow bodies.
• Procedure: I took vernier caliper, found its least count and zero error. Then I paced the given cylinder lengthwise into the lower jaws and tightened the screw of vernier scale so that jaws remained fixed. I observed the main scale reading just to the left of zero line of vernier scale. That gave me main scale reading R. Then to find fraction to be added "y" I noted which of vernier scale division coincided with any main scale division, n. I multiplied that number by least count and then added to main scale reading R. That after zero correction gave me the length of cylindere il repeated the experiment by changing the position of cylinder three times more. I did the same to find out diameter and radius of the cylinder and in the end calculated volume by using this formula. Volume of the cylinder = πr²
• Observations: 
• Vernier Constant  Vernier constant / Least count = Value of 1 smallest division on main scale / Total number of divisions on vernier scale = 0.1 cm 10 = 0.01cm.
• Calculations
• Results
• Precautions:  Zero correction should be applied. Jaws of the calipers should not be pressed too hard. The vernier should be screwed in position before removing the cylinder from the gap. Record a number of observations and find the mean.
• Q: What is vernier constant? Ans: Vernier constant = Value of 1 smallest division on Main scale No.of divisions on Vernier scale 0.1cm 10 = 0.01cm
• Q: What is meant by least count of vernier caliper? Ans: The minimum measurement which can be made by the vernier calipers is called Least count or vernier constant. Its value is 0.01cm.
• Q: Write formula to find the volume of the cylinder. Ans: Volume of the cylinder can be determined by using the formula 2 ν = πνι
• Q: What is zero error? Ans: If Main scale zero and vernier scale zero does not coincide when the jaws are closed then the error occurring in measurement is called zero error.
• What is triple point of water? Ans: Triple point of water: The temperature at which water, ice and water vapours are in equilibrium state which is obtained at particular temperature and pressure is called triple point of water.
• Q: What is the use of the upper jaws and the sliding strip of the vernier caliper? Ans: Upper jaws of the vernier calipers are used to measure internal diameter and siding strip measures the depth of any tube.
• Q: What is zero correction? Ans: To add or subtract the zero error in the observed reading is called zero correction.
• Q: If vernier scale has 20 divisions and smallest division on the main scale is 0.1 cm then find the least count of the vernier caliper. Ans: Least count = Value of 1 smallest division on Main scale No.of divisions on Vernier scale 0.1cm 20 = 0.005cm
• Q: What are the various uses of vernier caliper? Ans: Vernier calipers are used to measure diameter of a cylinder or sphere, length of a cylinder, internal diameter and depth of a tube.